Hazrat Muhammad (peace be upon him), also known as Prophet Muhammad, is the last prophet of Islam and the central figure in the Islamic faith. Below is a brief overview of his life and significance: Early Life
Full Name: Muhammad ibn Abdullah
Birth: Born in 570 CE in Mecca, Arabia (modern-day Saudi Arabia) into the tribe of Quraysh.
Parents: His father, Abdullah, died before his birth, and his mother, Amina, passed away when he was six years old. He was cared for by his grandfather, Abdul Muttalib, and later his uncle, Abu Talib.
Character: Known for his honesty and trustworthiness, earning the title Al-Amin (The Trustworthy).
Prophethood
Revelation: At the age of 40, Muhammad received his first revelation from Allah (God) through the Angel Jibreel (Gabriel) in the Cave of Hira, near Mecca. This event marked the beginning of his prophethood.
Message: He preached the oneness of God (Tawheed), social justice, compassion, and moral integrity. His mission emphasized worship of Allah alone and abandoning idolatry.
Qur'an: The revelations he received over 23 years were compiled into the Qur'an, the holy book of Islam.
Challenges
Faced opposition and persecution from the Quraysh tribe in Mecca due to his monotheistic teachings, which threatened their polytheistic traditions.
His followers were subjected to torture, boycotts, and exile.
Migration (Hijra)
In 622 CE, Prophet Muhammad and his followers migrated to Medina (then Yathrib) to escape persecution. This event, called the Hijra, marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar.
Establishment of the Islamic State
In Medina, Muhammad established a diverse community governed by Islamic principles, creating the Constitution of Medina, a charter promoting mutual rights and coexistence among Muslims, Jews, and others.
He became not only a spiritual leader but also a statesman and military leader.
Key Events
Battles: Fought defensive battles like Badr, Uhud, and Khandaq to protect the Muslim community.
Treaty of Hudaybiyyah: A peace treaty with the Quraysh, demonstrating his commitment to diplomacy.
Conquest of Mecca: In 630 CE, he peacefully conquered Mecca, forgave his former enemies, and purified the Kaaba of idols.
Teachings and Legacy
Core Teachings: Compassion, justice, equality, and devotion to Allah. He emphasized family, community, and ethical behavior.
Farewell Sermon: In his final sermon during the pilgrimage in 632 CE, he emphasized equality, hu
way in 632 CE in Medina at the age of 63.
Significance
Role Model: For Muslims, he is the perfect example of moral conduct.
Final Prophet: Believed to be the seal of the prophets (Khatam an-Nabiyyin), completing the line of prophethood.
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